2 Samuel 4: Events After Sauls’s Death

Introduction: 2 Samuel 4 delves into the events following the death of King Saul, the first king of Israel, highlighting the political tension, power struggle, and moral issues of the time. As we systematically unpack this chapter, we move from Saul’s son Ish-Bosheth’s period of reign (2 Samuel 2:8-10) to his assassination (2 Samuel 4:5-7). These events provide a detailed look at the moral, spiritual, and leadership issues of the time, with implications and lessons for today’s believers.

I. The Fear of Ish-Bosheth (2 Samuel 4:1-2)
Ish-Bosheth, already established as a weak king in 2 Samuel 2:8, is overtaken by fear upon hearing about Abner’s death (2 Samuel 3:30-31). His fear, coupled with the despair of Israel, illustrates how dependence on human strength and alliances instead of God’s direction can lead to worry and insecurity (Proverbs 29:25). This mirrors Saul’s own fear (1 Samuel 15:24).

II. Introduction of Baanah and Rechab (2 Samuel 4:2-3)
The narrative introduces two brothers, Baanah and Rechab, captains of raiding parties under Ish-Bosheth. Their reference to being from the tribe of Benjamin (Genesis 49:27) sets them up as potential allies to the house of Saul, yet foreshadows their betrayal in their quest for power (Proverbs 28:15).

III. The Tragedy of Jonathan’s Son Mephibosheth (2 Samuel 4:4)
The account of Mephibosheth’s tragedy gives us a picture of the collateral damage caused by fear and panic. Mephibosheth’s disability is a physical representation of the spiritual and societal damage caused by Israel’s disobedience (Deuteronomy 28:15). It also foreshadows David’s kindness to him in later chapters (2 Samuel 9:7).

IV. The Death of Ish-Bosheth (2 Samuel 4:5-7)
The treacherous murder of Ish-Bosheth by his own trusted captains demonstrates the destructive consequences of lust for power (Proverbs 11:29). Their belief that David would appreciate their actions (2 Samuel 4:8) shows a misunderstanding of David’s character and God’s standards for leadership (Psalm 75:6-7).

V. David’s Justice for Ish-Bosheth (2 Samuel 4:9-12)
David’s response to Ish-Bosheth’s murderers demonstrates his commitment to justice, integrity, and honor for God’s appointed rulers (Romans 13:1-2). His actions convict Baanah and Rechab for their wickedness (2 Samuel 4:12), reinforcing the biblical principle that God will punish wrongdoers (Romans 2:6).

Conclusion: 2 Samuel 4 offers a poignant exploration of the spiritual, moral, and leadership issues during a turbulent time in Israel’s history. The chapter underscores the destructive consequences of seeking human power over divine direction, reminding us of God’s standards for leadership and justice. It encourages believers today to place their trust in God’s sovereignty and justice, rather than human strength or alliances. It’s a reminder that God, the eternal King, is the ultimate judge and deliverer who rewards righteousness and punishes wickedness.